Survey and Comparative Analysis of Energy Saving Mechanisms for LTE-Advanced Femtocells

Nikos I. Passas

In this paper we study dynamic energy saving mechanisms for the Long Term Evolution Advanced system (LTE-Advanced) with user-deployed cellular base stations (a.k.a. femtocells). In particular, we present a thorough review of different energy-saving approaches specific to LTE-Advanced networks, presenting existing component-level and system-level energy-saving techniques. Based on this review, we subsequently investigate 6 different mechanisms for dynamic cell deactivation and we evaluate them based on a) the user load in the cell, b) the traffic model, and c) the user mobility.